Economic Sociology and Political Economy
The global academic community of researchers, students and practitioners interested in Economic Sociology and Political Economy (run by Oleg Komlik)
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The Global Financial Crisis 2008
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Stand and Deliver: Private
Property and the
Politics of Global Dispossession
By Stefan
Andreasson - 2006
Queen’s University Belfast
Property rights necessarily generate violent,and oftentimes lethal,
processes of dispossession.While liberal
theorists from Locke to Hayek consider property rights as an essential
and emancipatory component of
human freedom, they fail to consider societal power asymmetries
impeding the ability of property rights
to protect the interests of the weak and marginalised. If property
rights produce freedom and prosperity,
they do so very selectively. More obvious is the ongoing historical
process of already propertied
classes making ‘clever usurpation into an irrevocable right’ by
extending private property regimes along
two key dimensions – type and space.
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The New Economic Geography:
effects and policy implications
A symposium
sponsored by The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
August 24-26, 2006
- Shift in
economic geography and their causes
- Consequences for production and prices, employment and wages
- Consequences for financial markets and global savings and investment
- Strategies for growth - Implications for monetary policy - Overview
panel
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From The Economist
On the hiking trail
Globalisation
is generating huge economic gains. That is no reason to ignore its costs
Aug 31st 2006
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The problem of colonialism in
classical political
economy : analysis, epistemological breaks and
mystification
By Amiya Kumar
Bagchi
Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta
...The famous `invisible hand' of Smith
(1776) has been regarded simply as a statement of the justification of
laissez faire as the basic
principle that should inform the governance of a commercial society.
However, in the Theory of
Moral Sentiments, the proposition about the invisible hand was derived
as a special case of the
more general dictum that individual actions motivated by selfish
desires (or presumably their
opposite) can have unintended social consequences. In the particular
case discussed in the
Theory of Moral Sentiments, the rich, according to Smith (1790,
pp.184-5),
"...in spite of their natural selfishness and rapacity, though they
mean only their own
conveniency, though the sole end which they propose from the labours of
all the
thousands whom they employ, be the gratification of their own vain and
insatiable
desires ... are led by an invisible hand to make nearly the same
distribution of the
necessaries of life, which would have been made, had the earth been
divided into
equal portions among all its inhabitants and thus without intending it,
without
knowing it, advance the interest of the society, and afford means to
the
multiplication of the species."
There are other passages in the same book which throw considerable
light on what Smith
considered to be the appropriate framework for analysis of the
motivation and consequences of
public policy - often deriving from very different attitudes to the
public sphere (Ibid., pp.185-
187). All this analysis and the necessary distinctions between
different ethical systems vanished
in the memory of economists and policy-makers following laissez faire
doctrines, and an
`epistemological break' between Smith's Wealth of Nations and his other
writings was imposed
by the selective memory of the following generations, although the
author himself never
executed such a break (for the concept of `epistemological break' see
Althusser, 1969 pp.32-36;
Althusser attributes the concept to Gaston Bachelard).
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Markets,
Politics and Globalization:
Can the Global Economy be Civilized?
By Gerald Karl
Helleiner - 2000
Professor Emeritus,
Department of Economics and
Distinguished Research Fellow,
Centre for International Studies
University of Toronto, Canada
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Global
Critics
Globalcritics.com
is an electronic journal and forum founded in November 2004 in
Aberystwyth, Wales. The idea of the journal is to construct a media and
a portal to publish contemporary views in form of academic writing. The
scope is international both in issues and writers, who are scholars,
professionals and students in the field of social sciences, economics
or law. The long-term objective is to develop this project into a
coherent and respected electronic journal with a regular number of
issues published every year.
Global Critics is divided into four main areas: politics, economics,
law and society. Each subject has one or more senior editors with
speciality in the area. These editors overview outlines and attract
qualified writers. Together editors form an editorial board with a
chief editor in charge of quality standard and aims.
The editorial team recognizes the initial difficulties in producing
this journal, but it is important to notice that Global Critics itself
is a project to development skills in electronic publishing. Global
Critics is also a vehicle for the editorial team and the writers to
obtain own leverage and status as years pass by.
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The official version: here economics is taught as
an ideology in defense of the capitalist market:
economics
economic system
economic
planning
economic growth
economic
development
government
economic policy
classical
economics
business cycles
distribution
theory
distribution
of wealth and income
poverty
labour
economics
land reform
commodity trade
international
trade |
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As an additional tool the following introductory
courses are available:
Introduction to
economics
Introduction to
macroeconomics
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Dr. Róbinson Rojas papers
and notes
Dr. Róbinson Rojas books
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From
"How To Trade Stocks"
A
history of economic thought
Economics is a tough subject. It’s
difficult to watch and analyze the way trends happen because certain
events can cause them to constantly change all the time. In time,
different economic thinkers and theorists form their own thoughts on
economics, influencing the “schools of thought” or beliefs, leading to
an interesting history of economic thought. There are multiple schools
of economic thought and each one at one point taught different economic
theories. Some of these theories proved to be false while others were
found to be more true to life. However, things are still evolving and
new schools of thought start to blossom all the time. Here are some
links to information about the most significant schools of economic
thought.
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New Economic Foundation:
The Real World Economics
The international economic system
creates damaging inequalities between rich and poor, and fuels climate
change and environmental degradation. Through Real World Economic
Outlook, NEF aims to expose the problems with the international
finance and economic systems and create appropriate remedies. We are
also researching and campaigning on changes to global governance to
tackle international issues like climate change, and work by jubilee
research continues nef’s pioneering involvement in tackling
international debt. transforming markets goes beyond corporate
responsibility to set out a new vision for harnessing and channelling
enterprise to meet social and environmental need.
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World Wide Resources in
Economics
WebEc was an effort to categorize free information in
economics on the WWW. WebEc and RFE comprised the WWW
Virtual Library in Economics. You may browse WebEc
contents or you can search. More information about
WebEc is available.
General
Economics Resources
Education
and Teaching
Methodology
and History of Economic Thought
Mathematical
and Quantitative Methods
Economics
and Computing
Economics
Data
Microeconomics
Macroeconomics
International
Economics
Financial
Economics
Public
Economics
Health
and Welfare
Labor
and Demographics
Law and
Economics
Industrial
Organization
Business
Economics
Economic
History
Development,
Technological Change and Growth
Economic
Systems
Agriculture
and Natural Resources
Regional
Economics
Economics
of Networks
Internet
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National Bureau of Economic
Research
Founded in 1920, the National Bureau of Economic Research is a private,
nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to promoting a
greater understanding of how the economy works. The NBER is committed
to undertaking and disseminating unbiased economic research among
public policymakers, business professionals, and the academic
community.
Over the years the Bureau's research agenda has encompassed a wide
variety of issues that confront our society. The Bureau's early
research focused on the aggregate economy, examining in detail the
business cycle and long-term economic growth. Simon Kuznets' pioneering
work on national income accounting, Wesley Mitchell's influential study
of the business cycle, and Milton Friedman's research on the demand for
money and the determinants of consumer spending were among the early
studies done at the NBER.
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International Development
Economics Associates
IDEAs or International Development Economics Associates is a pluralist
network of progressive economists across the world, engaged in
research, teaching, and dissemination of critical analyses of economic
policy and development. Its members are motivated by the need to
strengthen and develop alternatives to the current mainstream economic
paradigm as formulated by the neo-liberal orthodoxy. The organisation
is based in the South and led by economists based in several developing
countries, but membership of the network is open to all those committed
to developing and using alternative non-orthodox tools of economic
analysis appropriate for meeting development challenges.
The Accumulation Process in the Period of Globalization
Prabhat Patnaik - 2008
This paper, based on a lecture given in memory of D. D. Kosambi,
discusses the current global crises in terms of rising inflation and
food shortages, and argues that this situation reflects the inherent
nature of capitalism which engages in accumulation through both
expansion and encroachment. This squeezes out peasant agriculture and
all petty producers, and ultimately leads to a supply constraint on
goods produced by these groups. Under the current context of
capitalism, these forces are creating a crisis for mankind.
The Global Food Crisis
Jayati Ghosh - 2008
The recent food shortages and rapidly rising prices of food have
adversely affected billions of people, especially the poor in the
developing world. This is very much a man-made crisis, resulting from
the market-oriented and liberalising policies adopted by choice or
compulsion in almost all countries, which have either neglected
agriculture or allowed shifts in global prices to determine both
cropping patterns and the viability of farming, and also generated
greater possibilities of speculative activity in food items. This
article discusses the features, causes of the current crisis and
indicates an alternative policy framework for redressal.
Inflation Targeting: Issues and Alternatives
This is a set of papers which covers theoretical and empirical research
on the issue of inflation targeting. The papers specifically cover
various outcomes of inflation targeting as well the controversies,
exploring alternative approaches, methodologies and solutions. While
the impact on employment remains a primary concern of the papers, other
specific issues which have been covered are; employment costs of
inflation reduction in developing countries from a gender perspective,
looking at the nature of inflation targeting from a class based social
perspective, a comparison of inflation targeting and real exchange rate
targeting in affecting economic growth and employment. In addition,
country specific studies on the impact of inflation targeting and
alternatives in Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Turkey, India, Vietnam, and
Philippines are included.
Earth Summit
2002: from Rio to Johannesburg
Sustainable development lies at the heart of the Earth Summit process.
The journey toward
sustainable development has not been straightforward and is far from
being fully
achieved. In the last thirty years a whole series of events have
brought us to the wide-ranging
interpretation of sustainable development that we see today.
The concept of sustainable development dates back a long way but it was
at the UN Conference
on Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972) that the international community
met for the
first time to consider global environment and development needs (Figure
1). The Conference
led to the formation of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP).
The Stockholm Declaration
and Action Plan, which were also produced, defined principles for the
preservation and enhancement
of the natural environment, and highlighted the need to support people
in this
process. The Conference indicated that “industrialised” environmental
problems, such as
habitat degradation, toxicity and acid rain, were not necessarily
relevant issues for all countries.
In particular, development strategies were not meeting the needs of the
poorest countries
and communities. However, it was the pending environmental problems
that dominated
the meeting and led to wider public environmental awareness.
Books such as "The Silent
Spring" by Rachel Carson gave a foretaste of the current view that, if
international modes of
development continue along their present paths, the world is rapidly
heading for a major
breakdown.
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Resources for economists on the
internet
Dictionaries,
Glossaries and Encyclopedias |
IDEAS.- the largest bibliographic database dedicated
to economics
Welcome to the largest bibliographic database dedicated to Economics
and available freely on the Internet. Over 550'000 items of research
can be browsed or searched, and over 450'000 can be downloaded in full
text! This site is part of a large volunteer effort to enhance the free
dissemination of research in Economics, RePEc.
To see the popularity of these services, browse the statistics at LogEc
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In defence of Marxism
This is the website of the International Marxist Tendency. To find out
more about the history of the Tendency we recommend you to start with
the document A Brief
History of the International Marxist Tendency. You can also read
more about the origins of the Marxist tendency in Ted Grant's book History
of British Trotskyism.
For a detailed analysis of our ideas regarding the world situation
today and the tasks facing revolutionary Marxists, please read our
document on World
revolution and the tasks of the Marxists. If you agree with our
ideas and the need to fight for a revolutionary Marxist alternative
within the working class movement, please join us, or see the Contact Us section for
details of how to join the struggle for socialism in your country.
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| World Institute for Development
Economic Research (UN) |
World Income
Inequality Database (UNU)
A major update of the World Income Inequality Database is available as
of May, 2008. Please consult the revision notes for details.
The UNU-WIDER World Income Inequality Database (WIID) collects and
stores information on income inequality for developed, developing, and
transition countries. The database and its documentation are available
on this website.
WIID2 consists of a checked and corrected WIID1, a new update of the
Deininger & Squire database from the World Bank, new estimates from
the Luxembourg Income Study and Transmonee, and other new sources as
they have became available. WIID2a contains fewer points of data than
WIID1 as some overlaps between the old Deininger & Squire data and
estimates included by WIDER have been eliminated along with some low
quality estimates adding no information. In addition to the Gini
coefficient and quintile and decile shares, survey means and medians
along with the income shares of the richest 5% and the poorest 5% have
been included in the update. In addition to the Gini coefficient
reported by the source, a Gini coefficient calculated using a new
method developed by Tony Shorrocks and Guang Hua Wan is reported. The
method estimates the Gini coefficient from decile data almost as
accurately as if unit record data were used.
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The Economist:
Research
tools |
US Central Intelligence Agency:
Basic data on economies
Countries
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| World Bank 1996: Classification of
economies. Methodology |
Search
on privatisation - liberalization - decentralisation
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Marxist Economics :
introduction
By Dr. Roger A. McCain - Drexel University Department of Economics
"Marxist, neoclassical, and Keynesian economics all have their roots in
the "Classical Political Economy" of the early 19th century, but since
the later nineteenth century they have developed in different ways.
Neoclassical and Keynesian economics, whatever their differences, have
remained closer together than either is to Marxist economics. As a
result, Marxist economics has not been a part of what the American
tradition regards as the "Principles of Economics" and thus is outside
the scheme of a book entitled "Essential Principles of Economics."
On the other hand, Marxist criticisms of the other traditions in
economics (and their criticisms of Marxism) have been important parts
of the Reasonable Dialog of Economics in the last two centuries. We
resolve this contradiction by exploring Marxist economics in this
appendix to the book."
"One key point to understand is that Marxist economics is an economic
theory of capitalism. Since governments based on Marxist
ideology have mostly either collapsed or moved away from the
distinctive "Soviet-type" economics system toward more capitalist
economic systems, it may seem that Marxist ideas are discredited. What
has been discredited is the Soviet-type economic system, which has
little to do with the Marxist economic analysis of capitalism. Thus,
Marxist economics has as strong (or weak) a case as ever where its
analysis of capitalism is concerned."
"Since the labor theory of value plays a key part in Marxism, we begin
with a discussion of the Reasonable Dialog about the Labor Theory of
Value.
Notice of Copyright : These documents and images have
been created by Dr. Roger A. McCain and the author reserves all rights
to their use for purposes of sale, publication, commercial gain, or
promotion. Permission is freely granted to all to download, reproduce,
copy, print, or otherwise transform these documents and images for
personal use."
From "Theories of Surplus Value", by K.
Marx - 1861-3
Chapter XVII
Ricardo’s Theory of Accumulation and a Critique of it. (The Very
Nature of Capital Leads to Crises)
"When considering the production process we saw that the whole aim of
capitalist production is appropriation of the greatest possible amount
of surplus-labour, in other words, the realisation of the greatest
possible amount of immediate labour-time with the given capital, be it
through the prolongation of the labour-day or the reduction of the
necessary labour-time, through the development of the productive power
of labour by means of cooperation, division of labour, machinery etc.,
in short, large-scale production, i.e., mass production. It is
thus in the nature of capitalist production, to produce without regard
to the limits of the market..."
"...If over-production has taken place not only in cotton, but also in
linen, silk and woollen fabrics, then it can be understood how
over-production in these few, but leading articles, calls forth a more
or less general (relative) over-production on the whole
market. On the one hand there is a superabundance of all the
means of reproduction and a superabundance of all kinds of unsold
commodities on the market. On the other hand bankrupt capitalists
and destitute, starving workers."
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Karl Marx (1857) on:
Production, consumption,
distribution and exchange (circulation)
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Adam Smith (1776) on:
An inquiry into the nature and
causes of the wealth of nations
Wherever there is a great
property, there is great inequality. For
one very rich man, there must be at least five hundred poor, and
the affluence of the few supposes the indigence of the many. The
affluence of the rich excites the indignation of the poor, who are
often both driven by want, and prompted by envy to invade his
possessions. (p. 580)
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The IMF point of view on the current world
economic crisis
December 2008
Finance $ Development
World Economy Under Stress
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From the BBC World Service
Global Financial Crisis
2008
The United Nations says the world economy faces its worst downturn
since the Great Depression.
It expects world economic output to shrink by as much as 0.4% in 2009,
due to a slump among developed countries - particularly the US and in
Europe.
This would mark the world economy's first year of contraction since the
1930s, the UN said. The report added there had been complacency about
the impact of the financial crisis on poorer countries.
"It seems inevitable that the major countries will see significant
contraction in the immediate period ahead and that recovery may not
materialise any time soon, even if the bail-out and stimulus package
succeed," it says.
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Global Financial Crisis 2008
An analysis by the
Real-World Economic Review
Big banks are failing, bailouts measured in hundreds of billions of
dollars are not nearly enough, jobs are vanishing, mortgages and
retirement savings are turning to dust. Didn’t economic theory promise
us that markets would behave better than this? Even the most ardent
defenders of private enterprise are embarrassed by recent events: in
the words of arch-conservative columnist William Kristol,
There’s nothing conservative about letting free markets degenerate into
something close to Karl Marx’s vision of an atomizing, irresponsible
and self-devouring capitalism.2
So what does the current wreckage of the global financial system tell
us about the theoretical virtues of the market economy?
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From the Real-World Economics
Review Blog:
Greenspan, Friedman and Summers
win Dynamite Prize in Economics - February 22, 2010
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sanity, humanity and
science
Post-autistic
economics review
Issue
no. 27, 9 September 2004
In this
issue:
- G. C. Harcourt
What would Marx and Keynes have made of the
happenings of the past 30 years and more?
- Richard D. Wolff
The Riddle of Consumption
- M. Ben-Yami
Fisheries management: Hijacked by neoliberal
economics
- Deborah Campbell
Here’s what economics students in three countries
are doing to put their professors on the defensive
Read full
text of issues 44, 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, 38, 37, 36, 35, 34, 33, 32, 31, 30,
29,
28,
27,
26,
25,
24,
23,
22,
21,
20,
19,
18,
17,
16,
15,
14,
13,
12,
11,
10,
9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
Issue
no. 44 - 9 December 2007
You can download the whole issue as a 77 page pdf document by clicking here
download articles individually by clicking on their pdf link.
In this issue:
Frank Ackerman, "Economics for a warming world" - download
pdf
Jorge Buzaglo, "Climate change, global ethics and the market" -
download pdf
Ian Fletcher, "The global economy bubble equilibrium" -
download pdf
Frederic Lordon, "High finance -- a game of risk: Subprimes, ninja
loans, derivatives and other financial fantasies" -
download pdf
James Angresano, "Orthodox economic education, ideology and commercial
interests: Relationships" -
download pdf
Robert Pollin and Heidi Garrett, "The employment effects of military
and domestic spending priorities" -
download pdf
Dani Rodrik, "World too complex for one-size-fits-all models" -
download pdf
Margaret Legum, "What is the right size?" -
download pdf
Margaret Legum, economist, author and anti-apartheid activist
1933--2007
Post-autistic
economics network
Some
articles on the PAE Movement
- “Teaching
Economics: PAE and Pluralism”, (EAEPE, July 2005)
- “Post-Autistic
Economics”, Social Policy, summer 2005)
- “Post-Autistic
Economics”, Soundings, April 2005)
- “Signifying
nothing?”, The Economist, Jan 29, 2004)
- “Revolutionizing
French Economics”, Challenge, Nov/Dec. 2003)
- “Fired
up for battle”, The Guardian (UK) 9 September 2003
- ”Taking
On 'Rational Man'” The Chronicle of Higher Education (US) 24 Jan.
2003
- ”The
2002 Nobel Prize in Economics”, The Journal of Investing (US)
Spring 2003
- “The Storming
of the Accountants”, The New Statesman (UK) 21 Jan. 2002
- “Post-autisten'
vallen economische heilige huisjes aan”, De Morgen, Bruxelles 2
Mar. 2002
- English
Translation
- “movimiento
económico postautista”, IBLNEWS, 14 March 2002
- “Distorted
economic relations: A new movement – the post-autistic economists- want
to renew economics”, Sueddeutsche Zeitung, (Munich) 3 April 2002
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9 June 2005
Capitalist
Economic Terrorism
|
Note
by Róbinson Rojas: Free-market fundamentalism, which can be
described as capitalist economic terrorism, is creating a world with a
small bunch of super rich and a big majority just surviving on their
income. United States is a telling case study of this. What began
with the Reagan Administration is reaching obscene feautures with
the Bush Administration. Statistics show that "for every additional
dollar earned by the bottom 90 percent of the population between 1950
and 1970, those in the top 0.01 percent earned an additional $162. That
gap has since skyrocketed. For every additional dollar earned by the
bottom 90 percent between 1990 and 2002, each taxpayer in that top
bracket brought in an extra $18,000." The New York Times is publishing
a special section ("Class Matters"), from which I select here some
important texts. They show how capitalist economic terrorism
(free-market fundamentalism) can disjoint a society. The winners are
the ones who have at their service a political class serving their
interests by unleashing political and economic terrorism (otherwise
known as globalization) all over planet Earth. They are building a
larger U.S. empire. Modern Caligulas like Bush et al are the top layer
of that political class.
---------------------
The Bush Economy (7 June 2005)
Richest Are Leaving
Even the Rich Far Behind (5
June 2005)
Crushing Upward
Mobility (7 June 2005)
Class Matters. A
special section
The Mobility Myth (6 June 2005)
--------------------------
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|
The New York Times - 10 June 2005
Losing Our Country
By Paul Krugman
"The middle-class society I grew up in no longer exists. Working
families have seen little if any progress over the past 30 years.
Adjusted for inflation, the income of the median family doubled between
1947 and 1973. But it rose only 22 percent from 1973 to 2003, and much
of that gain was the result of wives' entering the paid labor force or
working longer hours, not rising wages.
But the wealthy have done very well indeed. Since 1973 the average
income of the top 1 percent of Americans has doubled, and the income of
the top 0.1 percent has tripled."
--------------------------------- |
From PAE, No 33, 14 September 2005
The Rise and Demise of the New Public Management
Wolfgang Drechsler
(University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia)
Within the public sphere, the most important reform movement of the
last quarter of a century has been the New Public Management (NPM). It
is of particular interest in the post-autistic economics (pae) context
because NPM largely rests on the same ideology and epistemology as
standard textbook economics (STE) is based, and it has had, and still
has, similar results.
---------------------------- |
From PAE, No. 33, 14 September 2005
Forum on Economic Reform
Can the World Bank Be Fixed?
David Ellerman
(University of California at Riverside)
If the goal of development assistance is to foster autonomous
development, then most aid and "help" is actually unhelpful in the
sense of either overriding or undercutting the autonomy of those being
"helped." The two principal forms of unhelpful "help" are social
engineering and charitable relief. The World Bank is the primary
example over the last half century of the failures of social
engineering to "engineer" development. Frustration over these failures,
particularly in Africa, is now leading the Bank and many other
development agencies towards the other form of unhelpful help, namely,
long-term charitable relief. The paper outlines some of the reasons for
the failure of socially engineered economic, legal, and social reforms
both in the developing world and in the post-socialist transition
countries. Finally, the argument is summarized in five
structural reasons why the World Bank cannot be "fixed."
------------------------- |
7
June 2005
Declaration
EuroMemorandum Group
European Economists for an Alternative Economic Policy in Europe
June 2005
After the French and Dutch No to the Constitution:
The EU needs a new economic and social development strategy.
"The
French and Dutch No to the Constitution opens the window for a
thorough reflection and public discussion about the way in which the
people want to live in Europe. The majority of voters have rejected the
elitist project of a European construction, which subordinates the
democratic lives and material well-being of the people to the rules of
markets and competition. They perceived European policies in their real
lives as a threat to their economic and social welfare, as source of
increasing insecurity for their work and incomes, as mounting
inequality and injustice and as an obstacle to relevant democratic
participation possibilities in the process of shaping a society which
allows them to lead a free and independent life...".
--------------------- |
Karl Marx (1857) on:
Production, consumption,
distribution and exchange (circulation)
----------------- |
Andre Gunder Frank (1992) on:
Marketing Democracy in
an Undemocratic Market
"Democracy" is in, and
"development" is out as buzzwords for the "Third World." The very
"development" idea and word are in apparently terminal crisis. The new
idea to replace it is "democracy." When Gandhi was asked what he
thought of "Western Civilization," he answered "it would be a good
idea." We can say as much of development and democracy as well.
However, for the Third World, "democracy" is likely to become no more
real in the future than "development," or Western Civilization for that
matter, did in the past. Instead like the latter, "democracy" may well
become a flag - or the figleaf - for continued exploitation and
oppression of the South by the North.
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Róbinson
Rojas (1997) on
Basic knowledge on economics
Notes designed for students
wanting to understand the basic tenets of textbook economics (
capitalist economics, that is), without calculus, which is utilised as
a disguise to justify a barbaric economic system leading to social
exclusion and waste of human and material resources. The capitalist
economic problem: what to produce, how to produce, for whom to produce.
Resource allocation: alternative approaches, the free market versus
central planning. The meaning of "resource allocation" and the main
alternative methods of allocating resources.
Concepts for Review: Economic resources, resource allocation,
production possibility curves, supply, demand, competition,
profitability and the free market, central planning and bureaucracy,
factors of production, distribution of income, factor mobility
- Sustainable
development in a globalized economy? The odds. 1999
- Sustainable development in a
globalized economy. 1997
- Making sense of development
studies
- Notes on the philosophy of the
capitalist system
- Notes on economics: assuming
scarcity
- Notes on economics: about
obscenities, poverty and inequality
- Notes on structural adjustment
programmes
- Agenda 21 revisited (notes)
- 15 years of monetarism in Latin
America: time to scream
- Latin America: a failed industrial revolution
- Latin America: the making of a fractured society
- Latin America: a dependent mode of production
- The 'adjustment' of the world economy
- The transnational corporate
system in the late 1990s
- A market-friendly strategy for
development
- Notes on agribusiness in the 1990s
- Transnational corporations in
developing countries
- Latin America: blockages to
development
- Development Studies: Researching
for the big bosses?
- International capital and
intellectual dishonesty
|
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Introduction to Economic Analysis
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