Table of contents - Preface
- Acknowledgements
Overview
PART ONE
RECORD FLOWS IN 2007, BUT SET TO DECLINE
CHAPTER I. GLOBAL TRENDS
A. FDI AND INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
1. Recent trends in FDI
a. Overall trends
b. Geographical patterns
(i) Developed countries
(ii) Developing countries
(iii) South-East Europe and CIS
c. Sectoral patterns
2. International production
3. Indices of FDI performance and potential
4. New developments in FDI policies
a. Developments at the national level
b. Developments at the international level
(i) Bilateral investment treaties
(ii) Double taxation treaties
(iii) International investment agreements other than BITs and
DTTs
(iv) Investor-State dispute settlement
(v) Implications of recent developments
B. CURRENT FINANCIAL AND MONETARY DEVELOPMENTS AND FDI
1.
The current financial crisis and FDI flows
2.
Influence of the falling dollar on FDI decisions.
C. FDI BY SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS
1. Characteristics of SWFs
2. Investment patterns
3. Growing concerns about SWFs
D. THE LARGEST TNCs
1. The worlds top 100 TNCs
2. The top 100 TNCs from developing economies
3. Profitability of the largest TNCs
4. The world's top 50 financial TNCs
E. PROSPECTS
CHAPTER II. REGIONAL TRENDS
INTRODUCTION
A. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
1. Africa
a. Geographical trends
(1) Inward FDI: increased flows, not just to oil producers
(11) Outward FDI: mainly driven by South Africa
b. Sectoral trends: a rise of inflows to services
c. Policy developments
d. Prospects: commodity prices boost FDI
2. South, East, South-East Asia and Oceania
a. Geographical trends
(i) Inward FDI: widespread increases
(ii) Outward FDI: growth led by services and extractive
industries
b. Sectoral trends: rising flows to all sectors
c. Policy developments
d. Prospects: remaining promising
3. West Asia
a. Geographical trends
(i) Inward FDI: a sustained increase
(ii) Outward FDI soared
b. Sectoral trends: strong focus on services
c. Policy developments
d. Prospects: FDI set to remain stable
4. Latin America and the Caribbean
a. Geographical trends
(i) Inward FDI surged mainly in South America
(ii)
Outward FDI fell in 2007 after a significant increase in 2006
b. Sectoral trends: growth led by primary and
natural-resource-based activities
c. Policy developments
d. Prospects: growth of inflows and outflows
B. SOUTH-EAST EUROPE AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
1. Geographical trends
a. Inward FDI: growing market-seeking FDI
b. Outward FDI: Russian TNCs expanding abroad
2. Sectoral trends: services dominate
3. Policy developments
4. Prospects: natural resources will continue to attract FDI
C. DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
1. Geographical trends
a. Inward FDI: more vibrant in the EU
b. Outward FDI: strong net outward investments
2.
Sectoral trends: significant increase in manufacturing
3. Policy developments
4. Prospects: FDI growth likely to decline in the short term
PART TWO
TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND
THE INFRASTRUCTURE CHALLENGE
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER III. TNCs IN INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRIES
A. MAIN FEATURES OF INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRIES
AND EMERGING ISSUES
1. Characteristics of infrastructure industries
2. The infrastructure investment gap in developing countries
3. The role of the State and other players in infrastructure
industries
B. TNC INVOLVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRIES
1. Global trends
2. TNC involvement in developing countries
C. THE UNIVERSE OF INFRASTRUCTURE TNCs
1. Major infrastructure TNCs
2. Major infrastructure investors in developing countries by
industry
3. South-South investors in developing countries
D. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES, DRIVERS AND STRATEGIES
OF INFRASTRUCTURE TNCs
1. Sources of competitive advantages
2. Drivers, motives and modalities of infrastructure TNCs
a. Drivers and motives
b. Modalities of TNC involvement
3. Internationalization strategies of infrastructure TNCs
E. CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER IV. IMPACT OF TNC PARTICIPATION ON HOST
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
A. TNCs ROLE IN MOBILIZING FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND
THE IMPACT ON INVESTMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE INDUSTRIES
B. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE AND THE PROVISION
OF INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
1. Technology transfer and diffusion
2.
Effects on competition and efficiency
3. Impact on provision of services and implications for
universal access
a. Electricity
b. Telecommunications
c. Transport
d. Water and sanitation
C. BROADER DEVELOPMENT IMPACTS AND ISSUES
1. Wider economic impacts
2. Bargaining power and regulatory concerns.
D. CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER V. POLICY CHALLENGES AND OPTIONS
A. A COMPLEX CHALLENGE
B. HOST-COUNTRY POLICIES TO ATTRACT AND BENEFIT
FROM TNC PARTICIPATION
1. Building the institutional and regulatory framework
2. Openness to TNC involvement varies by industry and country
a. In electricity, openness is the greatest in the generation
segment
b. Almost all countries allow TNCs to invest in
telecommunications
c. Water remains highly restricted
d. Road transport the most open, rail transport the least
e. Rising concerns related to the strategic nature of
infrastructure
3. Investment promotion agencies attach growing importance to
infrastructure
4. Managing different forms of TNC participation
5. Factoring in social objectives
C. INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS AND INVESTMENT DISPUTES
1. The role of international investment agreements
2. Infrastructure-related investment disputes
a. Many investment disputes are related to infrastructure
b. Recent arbitral decisions on core IIA provisions
(i) Fair and equitable treatment
(ii) Expropriation
(iii) Umbrella clause
3. Conclusions and implications
D. THE ROLE OF HOME COUNTRIES AND INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
1.
Making better use of official development assistance
2. Risk-mitigating measures
a. Coverage for political risk
b. Coverage for credit risk
c. Coverage for currency risk
3. Capacity-building measures
4. Promoting regional infrastructure projects
E. CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ANNEXES ( see below )
SELECTED UNCTAD PUBLICATIONS ON TNCs AND FDI -
QUESTIONNAIRE
Boxes
I.1. Revision of UNCTAD database on cross-border M&As
I.2. FDI and national security: the Report of the United States
Government Accountability Office
I.3. Dollar depreciation FDI flows to the United States: recent
empirical findings
I.4 What are SWFs?
I.5. How are SWFs different from private equity funds?
I.6. Norwegian Government Pension Fund: a gold standard
for governance of SWFs
I.7. Infrastructure TNCs in the top 100 largest TNCs
I.8. Banking in the Balkans
II.1. FDI in African LDCs: resource exploitation leads to a
second year of growth in inflows
II.2. Some measures to shift FDI towards greater value added
activities: the case of diamonds in Botswana
II.3. Changes in national laws and regulations in Africa
relating to inward FDI in 2007
II.4 COMESA Agreement for a Common Investment Area
II.5 Liberalization commitments by Viet Nam under its WTO
accession agreement, 2007
II.6. Turkish outward FDI in textiles
II.7. The Strategic Industry Law of the Russian Federation
III.1. Main features of electricity infrastructure
III.2. Main features of telecommunications infrastructure
III.3. Main features of transport infrastructure
III.4. Main features of the water industry
III.5. Estimating investment needs and financing gaps
III.6. India: Financing infrastructure
III.7. Private sector participation in water infrastructure in
developing countries
III.8. City Power Johannesburg a successful SOE in
infrastructure
III.9. Stages of industrial development and infrastructure
industries
III.10. TNCs and the early globalization of the electricity
industry
III.11. Selected forms of TNC participation in infrastructure
projects
III.12. Sources of data on TNC involvement in infrastructure
III.13. Interpreting data from the World Banks PPI Database
III.14. The largest cross-border M&A deals in infrastructure
III.15. Divestment by TNCs of infrastructure operations in
developing countries
III.16. The entry of TNCs in the mobile telephony market in
Africa
III.17. UNCTAD survey of infrastructure TNCs
IV.1 The Angola-China partnership in infrastructure investment
IV.2. The potential for independent domestic power producers:
the case of Mauritius
IV.3. Risks, renegotiations and TNC withdrawals: implications
for performance
IV.4. The impact of TNC entry on telecommunications coverage in
Uganda: how government policies can influence the outcome of TNC participation
IV.5. Universal access to water and the debate on public versus
private provision
V.1. The OECD Principles for Private Sector Participation in
Infrastructure
V.2. The ECE Guidebook on public-private partnerships
V.3. Recent re-nationalizations in infrastructure
V.4. UNCTAD survey on openness to TNCs in infrastructure: some
preliminary findings
V.5. The UNCTAD-WAIPA survey of IPAs
V.6. Establishment rights in IIAs
V.7. Vivendi v. Argentina
V.8. Telenor v. Hungary
V.9. Fraport v. the Philippines
V.10. The Infrastructure Consortium for Africa
V.11. The Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid
V.12. Enhancing rural electrification in Lesotho through the
Energy Poverty Action
V.13. Investment guarantees by the Multilateral Investment
Guarantee Agency
V.14. The Grand Inga Hydropower Project
V.15. The EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund
Box figures
II.1.1. African LDCs: FDI inflows in value and as a percentage
of gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
V.6.1. Infrastructure-related sectoral patterns of commitments
in the GATS
Box tables
I.3.1. Regression of changes in foreign assets in the United
States on the value of the dollar, quarterly data, 19992007
I.4.1. Comparison between SWFs and private equity funds, 2007
I.7.1. Largest TNCs in infrastructure industries: ranks in 2006
and in the year of entry
I.8.1. Largest cross-border M&A deals in the financial
sector in the Balkans,
20062007
II.5.1. Viet Nam: Summary of WTO liberalization commitments on
FDI entry in services
III.5.1. Asia and Oceania: Varying estimates of infrastructure
financing needs for
20062010
III.6.1. India: estimated annual infrastructure investment
needs, financing gaps and FDI flows, various years
III.9.1. Stages of development and related infrastructure
industries
III.11.1. Equity and non-equity forms of TNC involvement in
infrastructure
III.15.1. Examples of divestment of TNCs in the water industry
in Latin America and the Caribbean, 20022007
III.16.1. Top 10 mobile operators in Africa, ranked by number of
local subscribers, 2006
V.4.1. Share of countries that legally permit private and
foreign companies, respectively,
to be involved in selected infrastructure industries, 2008
Figures
I.1. FDI inflows, global and by groups of economies, 19802007
I.2. Profitability and profit levels of TNCs, 19972007
I.3. Worldwide income on FDI and reinvested earnings, 19902007
I.4. Reinvested earnings of TNCs: value and share in total FDI
inflows, 19902007
I.5. Value of cross-border M&As, 19982008
I.6. FDI flows, by region, 20052007
I.7. Transnationality index for host economies, 2005
I.8. Matrix of inward FDI performance and potential, 2006
I.9. Regulatory changes, by nature and region, 2007
I.10. Number of BITs and DTTs concluded, annual and cumulative,
19982007
I.11. Top 10 signatories of BITs by end 2007
I.12. Total number of BITs concluded, by country group, by end
of 2007
I.13. Total number of DTTs concluded by country group, by end of
2007
I.14. Number of known investor-State arbitrations, annual and
cumulative, 19922007
I.15. Impact of financial instability on FDI flows for 20082010
I.16. Nominal bilateral exchange rate changes of selected
currencies, 20002008
I.17. Impact of depreciation of the United States dollar on
global FDI flows for 20082010
I.18. FDI inflows to the United States and the real effective
exchange rate, 19902007
I.19. Major FDI locations of sovereign wealth funds, 2007
I.20. FDI flows by sovereign wealth funds, 19872007
I.21. FDI by SWFs, by main host groups and top five host
economies, end 2007
I.22. FDI by SWFs, by main target sectors and top five target
industries, end 2007
I.23. Location intensity of the 20 most preferred host
economies, 2007
I.24. TNI values of the top 100 TNCs, 19932006
I.25. Location intensity of the 20 most preferred host countries
for financial TNCs, 2007
I.26. Prospects for global FDI flows over the next three years
II.1. Africa: FDI inflows in value and as a percentage of gross
fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.2. FDI inflows to Africa, by component, 19952007
II.3. Africa: top 10 recipients of FDI inflows, 20062007
II.4. Rates of return on inward FDI by developing regions, 19952007
II.5. Africa: FDI outflows, 19952007
II.6. FDI prospects in Africa, 20082010
II.7. South, East and South-East Asia: FDI inflows in value and
as a percentage of
gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.8. South, East and South-East Asia: top 10 recipients of FDI
inflows, 20062007
II.9. South, East and South-East Asia: FDI outflows, 19952007
II.10. South, East and South-East Asia: top 10 sources of FDI
outflows, 20062007
II.11. FDI prospects in South, East and South-East Asia, 20082010
II.12. West Asia: FDI inflows in value and as a percentage of
gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.13. West Asia: top five recipients of FDI inflows, 20062007
II.14. West Asia: FDI outflows, 19952007
II.15. West Asia: top five sources of FDI outflows, 20062007
II.16. FDI prospects in West Asia, 20082010
II.17. Latin America and the Caribbean: FDI inflows in value and
as percentage of gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.18. Latin America and the Caribbean: top 10 recipients of FDI
inflows, 20062007
II.19. Latin America and the Caribbean: rate of return on inward
FDI by subregion, 19952007
II.20. Latin America and the Caribbean: FDI outflows, 19952007
II.21. Latin America and the Caribbean: top 10 sources of FDI
outflows, 20062007
II.22. FDI prospects in Latin America and the Caribbean, 20082010
II.23. South-East Europe and CIS: FDI inflows in value and as a
percentage of gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.24. South-East Europe and CIS: top 10 recipients of FDI
inflows, 20062007
II.25. Inward FDI Performance and Potential indices rankings of
selected countries, 2006
II.26. South-East Europe and CIS: FDI outflows, 19952007
II.27. Distribution of shares among energy companies involved in
the Kashagan project, Kazakhstan, 2007 and 2008
II.28. FDI prospects in South-East Europe and CIS, 20082010
II.29. Developed countries: FDI inflows in value and as a
percentage of gross fixed capital formation, 19952007
II.30. Developed countries: top 10 recipients of FDI inflows,
20062007
II.31. Developed countries: FDI outflows, 20062007
II.32. Developed countries: top 10 sources of FDI outflows, 20062007
II.33. FDI prospects in developed countries, 20082010
III.1. Share of foreign and domestic private and public
investors in the investment commitments
of the infrastructure industries of developing and transition
economies, by industry and region, 19962006
III.2. FDI inflows in electricity, gas and water, and in
telecommunications, 19912006
III.3. Cross-border M&As in infrastructure by target region,
19912007
III.4. Cross-border M&A sales in infrastructure by
developing target region, 19912007
III.5. Foreign investment commitments in the infrastructure
industries of developing and
transition economies, by industry, 19962006
III.6. Main legal forms of foreign investment commitments in the
infrastructure industries
of developing and transition economies, by industry, 19962006
III.7. Significant Chinese and Indian investments in
infrastructure in Africa, up to April 2008
IV.1. Electricity prices for household users, selected Latin
American countries, 19902002
V.1. Degree of IPA attention to infrastructure industries, 2008
V.2. Promotion instruments, by infrastructure industry or
service, 2008
V.3. Number of known infrastructure-related investment disputes,
19962007
Tables
I.1. Growth rates of FDI inflows denominated in (United States)
dollars and in local currencies, 20062007
I.2. Cross-border M&As valued at over $1 billion,
19872008
I.3. Cross-border M&As by private equity firms and hedge
funds, 19872008
I.4. Selected indicators of FDI and international production,
19822007
I.5. Sales and value added of foreign affiliates and inward FDI
stock in host developing and
former transition economies, most recent available year
I.6. Top 20 rankings by Inward and Outward FDI Performance
Indices, 2006 and 2007
I.7. National regulatory changes, 19922007
I.8. Countries with a flat tax rate, 2007
I.9. Twenty selected large FDI cases by sovereign wealth funds,
19872007
I.10. Snapshot of the worlds 100 largest TNCs, 2005, 2006
I.11. Top 15 TNCs, ranked by number of host economies of their
affiliates
I.12. Comparison of TNI values by region, 20052006
I.13. II values by industries, 20052006
I.14. Snapshot of the worlds 100 largest TNCs from developing
economies, 2005 2006
I.15. Top 15 largest TNCs from developing economies ranked by
the number of host economies of their affiliates, 2007.
I.16. Transnationality of the largest TNCs from developing
economies: TNI and II, by regions, 2006
I.17. Transnationality of the largest TNCs from developing
economies: TNI and II, by major industries, 2006
I.18. Average return on sales of selected industries, 20052006
I.19. M&A deals of over $1.5 billion in the financial
sector, 20012007
I.20. UNCTAD Survey 20082010: the most attractive locations
for FDI in the next three years
II.1. FDI flows, by economic group and region, 20052007
II.2. Cross-border M&A sales, by sector and by group of
economies, 20052007
II.3. Africa: cross-border M&As, by region/economy, 20052007
II.4. Africa: distribution of FDI flows among economies, by
range, 2007
II.5. Africa: cross-border M&As, by sector/industry, 20052007
II.6 South, East and South-East Asia: distribution of FDI flows
among economies, by range, 2007
II.7 South, East and South-East Asia: cross-border M&As, by
region/economy, 20052007
II.8 South, East and South-East Asia: cross-border M&As, by
sector/industry, 20052007
II.9 FDI inflows by sector/industry in ASEAN, 20032007
II.10. West Asia: cross-border M&As, by region/economy,
20052007
II.11. West Asia: distribution of FDI flows among economies, by
range, 2007
II.12. West Asia: cross-border M&As, by sector/industry,
20052007
II.13. Latin America and the Caribbean: cross-border M&As,
by region/economy, 20052007
II.14. Latin America and the Caribbean: distribution of FDI
flows among economies, by range, 2007
II.15. Latin America and the Caribbean: cross-border M&As,
by sector/industry, 20052007
II.16. Latin America and the Caribbean: 10 largest cross-border
M&A deals in electricity, 2007
II.17. South-East Europe and CIS: distribution of FDI flows
among economies, by range, 2007
II.18. South-East Europe and CIS: cross-border M&As, by
region/economy, 20052007
II.19. South-East Europe and CIS: cross-border M&As, by
sector/industry, 20052007
II.20. Production of cars by foreign manufacturers in the
Russian Federation, actual and announced, 2007
II.21. Developed countries: distribution of FDI flows among
economies, by range, 2007
II.22. Developed countries: cross-border M&As, by
region/economy, 20052007
II.23. Developed countries: cross-border M&As, by
sector/industry, 20052007
III.1. Infrastructure industries and related activities
III.2. Non-competitive and competitive segments of modern
infrastructure industries
III.3. Sub-Saharan Africa: estimated annual infrastructure
investment needs in selected industries, 20062015
III.4. Inward FDI stock in electricity, gas and water, and in
transport, storage and communications,
by region, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2006
III.5. Largest outward FDI stocks in infrastructure industries,
latest year available
III.6. Cross-border M&As in infrastructure by target
industry, 19912007
III.7. Foreign investment commitments in the infrastructure
industries of developing economies,
by industry and host region, 19962006
III.8. Industry composition of foreign investment commitments in
the infrastructure industries
of developing and transition economies, 19962006
III.9. Industry composition of foreign investment commitments in
the infrastructure industries of LDCs, 19962006
III.10. Sources of foreign investment commitments for the
infrastructure industries of LDCs,
and of developing and transition economies, 19962006
III.11. Largest TNCs in infrastructure industries, ranked by
foreign assets, 2006
III.12. Foreign and total assets of the worlds 100 largest
infrastructure TNCs, by home economy and region, 2006
III.13. The worlds 100 largest infrastructure TNCs, and the
50 largest infrastructure TNCs
of developing and transition economies: industry breakdown,
2006
III.14. Foreign and total assets of the 50 largest
infrastructure TNCs of developing and transition economies,
by home country and region, 2006
III.15. Major port operators, ranked by their share in world
container port throughput, 2006
III.16. Share of the top 5 and top 10 investors in total foreign
investment commitments in
infrastructure industries in developing and transition
economies, 19962006
III.17. Origin of foreign investment commitments in the
infrastructure industries of
Africa, Asia and Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean,
19962006
IV.1. TNCs share of private sector investment commitments in
developing economies,
all infrastructure industries, 19962006
IV.2. Estimated market share ranges of mobile telecommunications
operators with TNC participation
in selected countries, end 2007
IV.3. Indicators of performance improvements in electricity by
distributors in Latin America:
changes in selected indicators from the year of privatization to
1998
IV.4. Top 10 countries by change in UNCTAD ICT Diffusion Index,
19972005
V.1. Foreign ownership restrictions in telecommunications,
selected developing countries, latest year
V.2. Private sector and TNC involvement in water projects,
selected developing economies, December 2007
V.3. Share of IPAs that promote FDI into specific infrastructure
industries, by region, 2008
V.4. Capacity-building facilities for infrastructure projects in
Africa, 2006
Annex A
A.I.1. Number of greenfield FDI projects, by source/destination,
2003-2008
A.I.2. Number of greenfield FDI projects, by sector/industry,
2003-2008
A.I.3. Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion
completed in 2007
A.I.4. Various types of cross-border M&A cases in the UNCTAD
database
A.I.5. Estimated world inward FDI stock, by sector and industry,
1990 and 2006
A.I.6. Estimated world outward FDI stock, by sector and
industry, 1990 and 2006
A.I.7. Estimated world inward FDI flows, by sector and industry,
19891991 and 20042006
A.I.8. Estimated world outward FDI flows, by sector and
industry, 19891991 and 20042006
A.I.9. Number of parent corporations and foreign affiliates, by
region and economy, latest available year
A.I.10. Country rankings by Inward FDI Performance Index, Inward
FDI Potential Index and Outward FDI Performance Index, 20052007
A.I.11. List of major sovereign wealth funds, 2007
A.I.12. Largest cross-border M&A deals by sovereign wealth
funds ranked 21st50th, 19872007
A.I.13. Selected cross-border M&A deals by sovereign wealth
funds, by target region/economy, 19872007
A.I.14. Selected cross-border M&A deals by sovereign wealth
funds, by industry of the target country, 19872007
A.I.15. The worlds top 100 non-financial TNCs, ranked by
foreign assets, 2006
A.I.16. The top 100 non-financial TNCs from developing
countries, ranked by foreign assets, 2006
A.I.17. The top 50 financial TNCs ranked by Geographic Spread
Index (GSI), 2006
A.II.1. List of strategic industries in the Strategic Industry
Law of the Russian Federation of May 2008
A.III.1. Inward FDI stock of selected economies in
infrastructure, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2006
A.III.2. Outward FDI stock from selected economies in
infrastructure, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2006
A.III.3. The 25 largest cross-border M&A deals in
infrastructure, 19912007
A.III.4. The worlds 100 largest infrastructure TNCs, ranked
by foreign assets, 2006
A.III.5. The 50 largest infrastructure TNCs of developing and
transition economies, ranked by foreign assets, 2006
A.III.6. The 50 largest foreign investors in infrastructure
commitments in Africa, 19962006
A.III.7. The 50 largest foreign investors in infrastructure
commitments in Asia, 19962006
A.III.8. The 50 largest foreign investors in infrastructure
commitments in Latin America and the Caribbean, 19962006
A.V.1. Arbitral awards in known infrastructure investment
disputes, 19972007
A.V.2. Bilateral and multilateral donor commitments to selected
infrastructure industries, 19952006
Definitions and sources
Annex B
B.1. FDI flows, by region and economy, 20052007
B.2. FDI stock, by region and economy, 1990, 2000, 2007
B.3. FDI flows as a percentage of gross fixed capital formation,
20052007, and FDI stocks as a percentage of
gross domestic product, 1990, 2000, 2007, by region and economy
B.4. Value of cross-border M&As, by region/economy of
seller/purchaser, 20052008
B.5. Number of cross-border M&As, by region/economy of
seller/purchaser, 20052008
B.6. Value of cross-border M&As, by sector/industry,
20052008
B.7. Number of cross-border M&As, by sector/industry,
20052008
B.8. Number of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.9. Employment in foreign affiliates in the host economy and in
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.10. Assets of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.11. Wages and salaries in foreign affiliates in the host
economy and in foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.12. Sales of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.13. Value added of foreign affiliates in the host economy and
of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.14. Profits of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.15. Exports of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.16. Imports of foreign affiliates in the host economy and of
foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.17. R&D expenditures of foreign affiliates in the host
economy and of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
B.18. Royalty receipts and payments of foreign affiliates in the
host economy and of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, 20032005
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